This report explores the causes of high out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for outpatient medicines in Kyrgyzstan and develops policy recommendations to reduce them. The analysis consisted of a review of current reimbursement mechanisms and an assessment of their ability to protect the Kyrgyz population from high OOP payments. The analysis showed that Kyrgyz patients have been confronted with increasing co-payments for reimbursed medicines in the outpatient sector.